Theobromine CAS 83-67-0 Powder Raw Materials

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Theobromine Powder Usage and Synthesis:

Theobromine, scientifically known as 3,7-dimethylxanthine, is a Urinary System Drugs diuretic, cardiac stimulant, vasodilator and smooth muscle relaxant; it is used as a bittering agent in food processing and is also widely used in biochemical research and drug synthesis. It is a white needle-like crystal or crystalline powder with a bitter taste. The main bitter component of chocolate. Melting point 357℃, sublimation at 290-295℃. Solubility in water about 0.05%, in hot water about 0.66%, in 95% ethanol about 0.045%, soluble in alkali solution and concentrated acid. When methylated, it is caffeine. It has excitatory and diuretic effects. Cocoa base has diuretic, cardiac excitation, vasodilation and smooth muscle relaxation effects. Used as a bittering agent in food processing. Biochemical studies, intermediate in drug synthesis. Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; weak adenosine receptor antagonist, smooth muscle relaxant. Medicinally theobromine has diuretic, cardiac excitatory, vasodilatory and smooth muscle relaxing effects. Cocaine, an alkaloid present in cocoa and tea, slightly soluble in water and ethanol, practically insoluble in solutions of benzene, chloroform, petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, etc.

Pharmacokinetics of Theobromine Powder:

There are two main methods of producing theobromine, one is extracted from cocoa beans or cocoa bean shells. The other is obtained by condensation, cyclisation, nitrosation, reduction, acylation, ring closure, methylation and two recrystallisation reactions using a methyl urea and cyanoacetic acid as starting materials. The crude product is obtained by condensation, nitrosation, reduction, formylation and methylation of the cyclic reaction using methyl urea and ethyl cyanoacetate as starting materials and recrystallisation. The cocoa base is extracted from cocoa beans or cocoa bean shells. The content in the shell is 0.7-1.2% and 1.5-3.0% in whole cocoa beans. Synthesis is obtained by the cyclisation of 4-amino-5-carboxamido-ureazin with formamide followed by methylation. The formamide is stirred and heated to 170°C.

4-Amino-5-carboxamido-ureazin is added and the temperature is increased to 180-185°C. The reaction is carried out for half an hour and then cooled down to 60°C. The product is shaken off by centrifugation and washed with water to obtain xanthine. Dissolve in sodium hydroxide solution, raise the temperature to 95°C, add activated carbon, stir for half an hour and then leave for half an hour, filter. Add the filtrate dropwise to dimethyl sulphate, control pH 8.2-8.5, react at 35-38°C. After addition, stir for 15 min, lower the temperature to 28°C, adjust pH to 9, leave for 4h, shake dry, wash with water to obtain theobromine.

Clinical Application of Theobromine Powder:

Properties :White monoclinic needle-like crystalline powder. Slightly soluble in water, moderately soluble in amines, practically insoluble in benzene, ether, carbon tetrachloride and chloroform. 1 g of the product is soluble in about 2000 ml of water, 150 ml of boiling water and 2220 ml of 95% ethanol. Soluble in alkali hydroxide, concentrated acid and 20% aqueous sodium alkaline phosphate solution. Methylation results in caffeine. Cacaoine, the name of a western drug, is clinically known as hexanone cocaine.

Commonly used in the form of tablets, injections, etc. It is a peripheral vasodilator. It is used for the treatment of cerebral blood circulation disorders such as temporary cerebral ischemic attack, post-stroke, cerebral dysfunction caused by cerebral ischemia; peripheral blood circulation disorders such as thromboembolic vasculitis, abdominal arterial blood circulation disorders, intermittent claudication or rest pain; inner ear circulation disorders such as sudden deafness, senile tinnitus and deafness; ocular blood circulation disorders.

Hexanone Cocaine Enteric Tablets.

Used to improve cerebral circulation after ischaemic stroke and also for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease such as chronic occlusive vasculitis with intermittent claudication.

Hexanone Cocaine Injection.

For cerebral blood circulation disorders such as temporary cerebral ischaemic attacks, post-stroke sequelae, cerebral dysfunction due to cerebral ischaemia; peripheral blood circulation disorders such as chronic embolic vasculitis.

Hexanone cocaine glucose injection.

For the treatment of cerebral blood circulation disorders such as temporary cerebral ischaemic attack, post-stroke, cerebral dysfunction due to cerebral ischaemia; peripheral blood circulation disorders such as thromboembolic vasculitis, abdominal arterial blood circulation disorders, intermittent claudication or rest pain; inner ear circulation disorders such as sudden deafness, age-related tinnitus and deafness; ocular blood circulation disorders.Antipyretic-Analgesics Raw Materials

Hexanone cocaine sodium chloride injection.

For cerebral blood circulation disorders such as temporary cerebral ischaemic attack, post-stroke, cerebral dysfunction due to cerebral ischaemia; peripheral blood circulation disorders such as thromboembolic vasculitis, abdominal arterial obstruction, intermittent claudication or resting pain; inner ear circulation disorders such as sudden deafness, senile tinnitus and deafness; ocular circulation disorders.

Theobromine Powder Raw Materials can be made into the following drug properties.

(1) Hexanone cocaine enteric coated tablets: enteric coated tablets, appearing white after removal of the coating.

(2) Hexaconitine injection: clear, colourless liquid.

(3) Hexaconitine glucose injection: colourless clear liquid.

(4) Hexanone Cocaine Sodium Chloride Injection: colourless clear liquid.

Cocoa base drug specifications

(1) Hexanone cocaine enteric coated tablets: 0.1g.

(2) Hexanone cocoa base injection: 2ml: 0.1g; 5ml: 0.1g.

(3) Hexaconitine glucose injection: 250ml: hexaconitine 0.1g with glucose 12.5g.

(4) Hexanone cocaine sodium chloride injection: 100ml: hexanone cocaine 0.1g, sodium chloride 0.9g.

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