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Paracetamol by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins in the hypothalamic thermoregulatory centre, play the role of antipyretic, the strength of its antipyretic effect is similar to that of aspirin, through the inhibition of the synthesis of prostaglandins in the central nervous system as well as block the impulses of the nociceptive nerve endings to produce analgesia, the role of weaker than aspirin, compared with aspirin, with a small irritation, very few allergic reactions and other advantages.
The antipyretic and analgesic effect is similar to that of finasteride, due to the restriction or prohibition of the use of finasteride in many countries, so that the application of acetaminophen has increased.
Paracetamol is mainly used for cold-induced fever, headache and relief of mild and moderate pain, such as arthralgia, muscle pain, neuralgia, migraine, dysmenorrhoea, cancer pain and post-surgical analgesia, etc.; can also be used for aspirin allergy, intolerance, or is not suitable for the application of aspirin in patients: such as chickenpox, haemophilia and other bleeding disorders (including the application of anticoagulant therapy), and mild peptic ulcers, hemophilia and other bleeding disorders patients (including the application of anticoagulant therapy). and patients with mild peptic ulcer and gastritis.
It is also used in the synthesis of the drug paracetamol and as an intermediate in organic synthesis, a stabiliser for photographic chemicals and hydrogen peroxide.
Uses and functions of Paracetamol Raw Powder.
Paracetamol is used for colds and fever, arthralgia, neuralgia and migraine, cancer pain and post-surgical pain relief. It is also used in patients who are allergic, intolerant or unfit for aspirin (chickenpox, haemophilia and other bleeding disorders, etc.).
Paracetamol is mainly used for cold-induced fever, headache and relief of mild to moderate pain, such as arthralgia, muscular pain, neuralgia, migraine, dysmenorrhoea, cancer pain and post-surgical analgesia. It can also be used in patients who are allergic to, intolerant of or unfit for aspirin: such as chickenpox, haemophilia and other bleeding disorders (including patients on anticoagulant therapy), as well as patients with mild peptic ulcer and gastritis.
Pharmacological Effects of Paracetamol Raw Materials Powder.
Paracetamol is an antipyretic and analgesic, through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase, selective inhibition of the hypothalamic thermoregulatory centre prostaglandin synthesis, resulting in peripheral vasodilatation, sweating and to achieve the effect of antipyretic, its antipyretic effect is similar to the strength of aspirin; through the inhibition of the synthesis and release of prostaglandins, etc., to raise the pain threshold and play a role in the analgesic effect, belongs to the peripheral analgesic, the effect of aspirin is weak, only mild to moderate pain.
Paracetamol has no obvious anti-inflammatory effect.
Paracetamol is an organic synthesis intermediate, stabiliser of hydrogen peroxide, photographic chemical, non-inflammatory antipyretic and analgesic.
Production method of Paracetamol Raw.
It is obtained by acetylation of Paracetamol. Method 1: Add p-aminophenol into dilute acetic acid, then add glacial acetic acid, warm up to 150℃ and react for 7h, add acetic anhydride and react for 2h, check the endpoint, cool down to below 25℃ after qualified, shake filter, wash with water until no acetic acid taste, shake dry, get crude product.
Method 2: p-aminophenol, glacial acetic acid and acid containing more than 50% of the acid mother liquor together with distillation, evaporation of dilute acid rate of one-tenth of the total amount of distillation per hour, to be the internal temperature rises to 130 ℃ or more, sampling and checking the p-aminophenol residue is less than 2.5%, add dilute acid (content of 50% or more), cooling and crystallisation. Shake filtration, first wash with a small amount of dilute acid, and then wash with a large amount of water until the filtrate is nearly colourless, to get the crude product.
The yield of method 1 is 90%, and the yield of method 2 is 90-95%. Refining method: put the crude product into the water when it is heated to nearly boiling. Warm up to fully dissolved, add activated carbon soaked with water, adjust to pH=4.2-4.6 with dilute acetic acid, boil for 10min. press filtration, the filtrate add a small amount of sodium bisulfite. Cooled to below 20 ℃, precipitated crystals. Shake filtration, washing, drying to get API paracetamol finished product. Other production methods are: (1) in glacial acetic acid with zinc reduction of p-nitrophenol, at the same time acetylation to get acetaminophen; (2) p-hydroxyacetophenone generated by the hydrazone, placed in the sulfuric acid acid acid solution, add sodium nitrite, transposition to generate acetaminophen.
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