Bleomycin Hydrochloride CAS 67763-87-5 Raw Materials Powder

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Bleomycin HCL Powder Usage and Synthesis.

Bleomycin HCL is the name of a western drug. It is commonly used in the form of injection. It is a cytotoxic antibiotic. It is used for squamous carcinoma of head and neck, esophagus, skin, cervix, vagina, vulva and penis, Hodgkin's disease and malignant lymphoma, testicular cancer and cancerous pleural effusion.

Bleomycin hydrochloride is indicated for squamous carcinoma of the head and neck, esophagus, skin, cervix, vagina, vulva, and pubic neck, malignant lymphoma, testicular cancer and cancerous pleural effusion. For cancerous pleural effusion administration, 60mg each time, intra-thoracic administration, 1-2 times a week according to the condition, total dose not more than 450mg.

Bleomycin Hydrochloride Powder, commonly used in the form of injection. It is a cytotoxic antibiotic. Bleomycin HCL Powder is mainly composed of Bleomycin A2 and Bleomycin B2. Bleomycin Hydrochloride for Injection: white to light yellow lyophilized loose mass.Bleomycin HCL CAS 67763-87-5 is a water-soluble alkaline glycopeptide antibiotic isolated from the culture of Actinomyces streptomyces verticillus and Actinomyces 72.

Adverse reactions of bleomycin:

• 1、Pulmonary toxicity. The incidence is 10%-23%, manifested as dyspnea, chest pain, non-specific pneumonia, and even pulmonary fibrosis. If pulmonary abnormalities are found, it should be discontinued immediately and treated with appropriate symptomatic treatment.
• 2. Skin hair. Bleomycin can cause skin thickening, pigmentation and hair loss at the joints of fingers and toes.
• 3、Hematological system. Bleomycin has a mild inhibitory effect on bone marrow.
• 4、Digestive system. A small number of patients may experience loss of appetite, nausea, and rarely vomiting.
• 5, Stomatitis. When the dose of 150mg, stomatitis may appear, which will recover by itself after stopping the drug.
• 6、Other. About 1/3 patients develop fever with body temperature around 38℃ after 3-5 hours of drug administration, which may drop on its own after a few hours. Long-term intravenous administration, can appear around the injection site of the vein wall hardening, should be changed to intramuscular injection. Intramuscular injection can cause local hardness, so it is recommended to change the injection site frequently and apply heat locally.

Application/Function of Bleomycin HCL Powder.

It is a white powder, slightly warlike valve soluble in water or methanol, and the aqueous solution is weakly acidic and stable.

It is used clinically as a mixture. Bleomycin A5 is the main component, but bleomycin A2, bleomycin B2 and peplomycin are also mixed into it. peplomycin is a derivative of bleomycin. Bleomycin has been responsible for the incorporation of whole thymine nucleotides into DNA and interferes with DNA synthesis by removing the endpoints from the tropism. It is effective against squamous epithelial cell carcinoma, cervical cancer and brain cancer. Combined with radiation therapy, it can improve the efficacy.

Bleomycin is an antitumor drug that mainly causes DNA single and double strand breaks and hinders DNA synthesis. It is mainly used clinically in the treatment of skin cancer, head and neck tumors such as maxillary sinus cancer, laryngeal cancer, oral cancer, etc., lung cancer, esophageal cancer, malignant lymphoma, cervical cancer, etc. The most important side effects of bleomycin are pulmonary fibrosis and interstitial pneumonia. Therefore, it should be contraindicated in patients with severe lung disease, especially severe diffuse pulmonary fibrosis.

Pharmacological effects of Bleomycin HCL Powder

This product complexes with iron embedded in DNA, causing DNA single and double strand breaks. It does not cause RNA strand breaks. The first step of action is the embedding of the dithiazole ring between the G-C base pairs of DNA, while the positive charge of the terminal tripeptide amino acid and the DNA phosphate group act to unwind the strand. The second step of action is that the complex of this product with iron leads to the generation of superoxide or hydroxyl radicals, causing DNA strand breaks.

How to use Bleomycin Hydrochloride properly?

1. Administration route and dosage

Intramuscular/subcutaneous injection
Dissolve 15-30mg of the drug in ≤5ml of solution, with a concentration of ≤1mg/ml.

Intravenous injection
Dissolve 15-30mg in 5-20ml of solution and inject slowly (≥10 minutes).

Arterial injection
Directly and slowly inject 5-15mg of the dissolved solution.

Intrathoracic injection
In case of carcinomatous pleurisy, 60mg is injected into the thoracic cavity and retained for 4-6 hours before extraction.

2. Frequency and total amount of medication

Adults: 15mg/time, once a day or 2-3 times a week, total amount ≤400mg.

Children: Calculated based on 10mg/m² of body surface area, first inject 1/3 of the dose intramuscularly to test tolerance.
 

3. Precautions

Monitoring requirements
Regularly check blood routine, liver and kidney function and lung function (long-term use of the drug may cause pulmonary fibrosis).

‌Contraindications‌
Allergic patients, severe bone marrow suppression, heart, liver and kidney dysfunction, pregnant women and lactating women are prohibited from using this drug.

‌Treatment of adverse reactions‌
Fever is common, and the dose can be reduced to 5 mg/time; if anaphylactic shock occurs, the drug should be discontinued immediately.

IV. ‌Special populations‌

‌Elderly people/people with a history of lung disease: Use with caution and reduce the dose.

‌Patients after radiotherapy: Avoid combined use, which increases the risk of pulmonary toxicity

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