Veterinary medicine Diclazuril Powder

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Diclazuril Powder Usage and Synthesis.

Diclazuril can be added to feed for a long period of time, no need to stop the drug before slaughter. （It does not affect the export of broiler chickens; it does not affect the growth and development of livestock. Diclazuril has excellent effect on chicken tender, heap type, poisonous, brucellosis, giant Eimeria coccidia, after using the drug, in addition to effectively controlling the occurrence of cecum coccidia and death, and even make the sick chicken coccidia oocysts disappear completely.

Duck coccidia and rabbit coccidia have good effect.

Clinical trials have shown that the effect of diclazuril on the prevention and control of coccidia is better than other routinely applied anticoccidial drugs and ion carrier anticoccidial drugs such as monensin; the application of diclazuril is still effective on the flurine (Arprinocid), chlorohydroxypyridine, normoxazolone, oxybenzoguanidine and monensin resistant soft Eimeria cephaloplasma.

For example, 1mg/kg feed concentration can effectively control duck coccidiosis, and its effect is even more than that of polyether antibiotics. 1mg/kg of the drug fed to rabbits is highly effective against liver coccidiosis and intestinal coccidiosis in rabbits.

Uses and functions of Diclazuril.

Anti-coccidiostat. It has a preventive effect on many kinds of coccidia and is used to prevent coccidiosis in chickens, ducks, quails, turkeys, geese and rabbits.

Countermeasures to prevent the emergence of drug resistance: Since resistance will emerge from the long-term use of an anti-coccidiostat, in order to avoid the emergence of drug resistance, shuttle drug use and rotational drug use can be used in the prevention programme.

In order to avoid the development of resistance, shuttle dosing and rotational dosing can be used in the prevention programme. In shuttle dosing, one type of anticoccidial is used at the beginning of the feeding cycle and another type of anticoccidial is used at the end of the cycle.

Rotational drug, in a year of rearing chickens, the first half of the year with an anti-coccidial drug, the second half of the year with another anti-coccidial drug application of the above two methods of drug use, so that the resistance to electricity or do not produce, to extend the service life of anticoccidial drugs.

Characteristic of Diclazuril.

Light yellow or off-white powder, almost insoluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, ether, soluble in N,N-2 methyl formamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), tetrahydrofuran (THF). Melting point: 291-297°C.

Synthesis Preparation of Bulk Diclazuril Powder.

Hydrogen reduction of 2,6-dichloro-α-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-nitrobenzeneacetonitrile (A) to as 4-amino-2,6-dichloro-α-(4-chlorophenyl)benzeneacetonitrile (B) was carried out with hydrogen catalysed by 5% platinum-charcoal using methanol as a solvent.

(B) was diazotised and coupled to form ethyl 2-[[3,5-dichloro-4-[(4-chlorophenyl)cyanomethyl]phenyl]-hydrazinyl]-2-cyanoacetylcarbamate (C), (C) was cyclised and hydrolysed to form 2-[3,5-dichloro-4-[(4-chlorophenyl

(4-chlorophenyl)cyanomethyl]phenyl]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3,5-dicarbonyl-1,2,4-triazine-6-carboxylic acid (D).

Using mercaptoacetic acid as a solvent, (D) undergoes a decarboxylation reaction at 170°C to produce diclazuril. Among them, the cyclisation and hydrolysis were carried out as follows: 7.8 parts of compound (C), 1.98 parts of anhydrous potassium acetate and 120 parts of glacial acetic acid were stirred and refluxed for 3h, and after making up the appropriate amount of glacial acetic acid and 30 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid, stirring and refluxing were continued for 10h; and then it was concentrated, cooled and filtered, and the filter cake was compound (D)

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