Anticoccidial drugs Toltrazuril Raw Materials Powder

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Toltrazuril Powder Usage and Synthesis.

Toltrazuril is a triazinone compound, a new broad-spectrum specialised anticoccidial drug. Toltrazuril is white or off-white crystalline powder; odourless. It is soluble in ethyl acetate or dichloromethane, slightly soluble in methanol and insoluble in water.

The mechanism of action of toltrazuril is to interfere with the nuclear division and mitochondria of the coccidian cells, affecting the respiratory and metabolic functions of the worms and causing the endoplasmic reticulum of the cells to expand and undergo severe vacuolisation, thus causing the death of the coccidian worms, which is mainly in the cleavage and gametogenic stages of coccidiosis.

Uses of Toltrazuril.

(1)Poultry Tautoglutaril is mainly used for poultry coccidiosis. It has good inhibitory effect on chicken pile type, brucellosis, giant, tender, toxic, and gentle Eimeria coccidia; turkey glandular Eimeria coccidia:turkey Eimeria coccidia; and goose Eimeria coccidia and truncated Eimeria coccidia of geese.

One time internal administration of 7mg/kg or 25mg/kg concentration of drinking water for 48h, not only effectively prevent coccidiosis, so that coccidiosis oocysts all disappeared, and does not affect the growth and development of chicks and the production of immunity to coccidiosis.

(2)Sheep: Give lambs 20mg/kg or feed lO~l5mg/kg of toltrazuril, it can effectively prevent and control coccidiosis in lambs.

(3)Rabbit lO~15mg/kg of feed is extremely effective against liver and intestinal coccidiosis in rabbits.

(4)Relevant information confirms that the rest period of broiler should be 19 days.

Pharmacological Effects of Toltrazuril.

(1)Pharmacodynamics

Toltrazuril is a triazinone compound with broad-spectrum anticoccidial activity. It is widely used in chicken coccidiosis.

The site of action of toltrazuril on coccidia is very wide, and it has effects on both asexual cycles of coccidia, such as inhibition of schizonts, nuclear division of small gametophytes and wall-forming bodies of small gametophytes.

As the product interferes with the nuclear division and mitochondria of the coccidian cells, it affects the respiration and metabolic function of the worm, plus it can make the endoplasmic reticulum of the cells expand, and serious vacuolation occurs, thus it has the effect of killing coccidia.

(2)Pharmacokinetics

Poultry internal dose of toltrazuril, about more than 50% of the drug absorption, after absorption of the drug is mainly pooled in the liver, kidney, but rapidly metabolised into sulfone compounds.

The half-life of the drug in chicks is about 2 days. However, recent information confirms that Toltrazuril has a long residual time in the edible tissues of chicks, and residual drug can still be detected in the pectoral muscle 24 days after stopping the drug, therefore, the United States has not yet approved the marketing of this product until the end of the 20th century.

In vitro studies of Toltrazuril.

Toltrazuril is an antiprotozoal drug that acts against coccidian parasites.Toltrazuril induces alterations in the fine structure of the developmental stages of coccidia, mainly due to swelling of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus and abnormalities in the surrounding nuclear space to interfere with nucleolus divisions.Toltrazuril results in a reduction of parasite respiratory ligases.Toltrazuril is an antiprotozoal drug that acts against coccidian parasites.

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