Pharmaceutical intermediates Bulk Glutathione Powder

CAS:70-18-8

MF: C10H17N3O6S

MW:307.32

EINECS:200-725-4

Specification: 99% min Glutathione Powder

Sample: Glutathione Powder

Packaging:1kg/bag, 25kg/drum

Brand: Henrikang

Appearance: White Powder

Storage: Store at -20°C

Shelf Life: 2 Years

Test Method: HPLC

Glutathione Powder Usage and Synthesis.

Glutathione is widely found in animals and plants and has an important role in living organisms. The content is high in baker's yeast, wheat germ and animal liver, amounting to 100-1000mg/100g, 26-34mg/100g in human blood, 58-73mg/100g in chicken blood, 10-15mg/100g in pig's blood, and high in tomato, pineapple, cucumber (12-33mg/100g), and in sweet potato, mung bean sprouts, onions and mushrooms (0.06-0.7mg/100g).

Glutathione can also protect haemoglobin from oxidation by hydrogen peroxide, free radicals and other oxidations so that it can continue to play a normal role in transporting oxygen.

Some of the haemoglobin in red blood cells, under the action of hydrogen peroxide and other oxidants, in which the divalent iron oxidised to trivalent iron, so that haemoglobin transformed into methemoglobin, thus losing the ability to carry oxygen. Reduced glutathione is capable of both directly combining with oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide to produce water and oxidised glutathione, and of reducing methemoglobin to hemoglobin.

Human erythrocytes contain a large amount of glutathione, which is important for protecting the sulfhydryl groups of proteins on the erythrocyte membrane in a reduced state and preventing haemolysis.

Glutathione protects the -SH group in enzyme molecules, which is conducive to enzyme activity, and can restore the active function of the -SH group in enzyme molecules that have been destroyed, so that the enzyme regains its activity. Glutathione can also inhibit the fatty liver produced by ethanol attacking the liver.

Glutathione has a strong protective effect on the symptoms of leukopenia caused by radiation and radiopharmaceuticals. Glutathione can combine with toxic compounds, heavy metal ions or carcinogens entering the body and promote their elimination from the body, playing a neutralising and detoxifying role.

Uses of Glutathione.

Endogenous antioxidants that play an important role in the reduction of reactive oxygen species formed during cellular metabolism and burst respiration.

Glutathione-S-transferase catalyzes the formation of glutathione sulfide ethers with xenobiotics, leukotrienes and other molecules with electrophilic centres. Glutathione also forms disulfide bonds with cysteine residues in proteins. Through these mechanisms, it can have the curious effect of reducing the potency of anticancer agents.

Reduced glutathione is a small molecule peptide found in large quantities in living organisms, especially in liver cells, where it protects liver cell membranes, promotes hepatic enzyme activity, and acts as a detoxifier by binding to numerous toxic chemicals. It has good curative effect on liver injury caused by various reasons such as drug poisoning, alcohol poisoning and cirrhosis.

Usage: Biochemical reagent, antidote, mainly used for heavy metal, acrylonitrile, fluoride, carbon monoxide and organic solvent poisoning.

Physicochemical Property of Glutathione.

Glutathione has a molecular weight of 307.33, a melting point of 189-193°C (decomposition), colourless transparent crystals in the form of elongated columns, and an isoelectric point of 5.93.

It is soluble in water, dilute alcohol, liquid ammonia and methyl formamide, but insoluble in alcohol, ether and acetone. Only GSH is physiologically active in living organisms, and GSSG needs to be reduced to perform its important physiological functions.GSH is not easy to be preserved under high water activity, and only when the water activity is controlled below 0.3 can it be stably preserved for a long period of time.

Some studies have shown that in aqueous vitamin C solution containing GSH (pH 3.3), GSH in the solution will not be oxidised to GSSG due to the strong reducing effect of vitamin C, but its decomposition speed is accelerated; and GSSG present in aqueous vitamin C solution will not be converted to GSH, and its preservation stability is very good.

Moreover, GSSG ingested orally can be reduced to GSH in the upper part of the small intestine, and absorbed on the surface of small intestinal epithelial cells by the action of γ-GTP (which breaks down GSH into glutamate and Cys-Gly) and dipeptidyl peptidase, which can also play its important physiological functions.

Appliance Bulk Glutathione Powder.

Glutathione has a broad-spectrum detoxification effect, not only can be used in drugs, but also as a base material for functional foods, which are widely used in functional foods such as delaying aging, enhancing immunity and anti-tumour.

Clinical drugs

Glutathione drugs have been artificially developed, widely used in clinical practice, in addition to the use of its sulfhydryl group to chelate heavy metals, fluoride, mustard gas and other toxins poisoning, but also used in hepatitis, haemolytic diseases, and keratitis, cataracts and retinal diseases, as a therapeutic or adjuvant treatment of drugs. In recent years, Western scientists, especially Japanese scholars, have discovered that glutathione has the function of inhibiting HIV.

The latest research also shows that GSH can correct the imbalance of acetylcholine and cholinesterase, play an anti-allergic role, and also prevent skin aging and pigmentation, reduce melanin formation, improve skin antioxidant capacity and make the skin produce luster. In addition, GSH has a very good role in the treatment of keratoconus disease and improvement of sexual function.

Combined with Vitamin C

In addition, vitamin C is also an important antioxidant in the body. Since vitamin C can be reversibly hydrogenated or dehydrogenated, vitamin C has an important role in many redox reactions in the body. For example, the active group of many enzymes is sulfhydryl (-SH), vitamin C can maintain -SH in a reduced state to maintain enzyme activity; vitamin C can make oxidised glutathione into reduced glutathione (GSH), so that the body metabolism of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) reduction; vitamin C can also protect vitamins A, E and some B vitamins from oxidation. Therefore, when glutathione is used, its efficacy can be improved by combining it with vitamin C.