Antitumor Cytarabine Powder CAS 147-94-4 Raw Material

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Cytarabine Powder Usage and Synthesis.

Cytarabine Powder is a purine nucleoside antiviral drug extracted from the culture of Streptomyces and then chemically synthesized. Cytarabine CAS 147-94-4 is used clinically for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic and non-lymphoblastic leukaemia in the induction phase and maintenance phase, chronic granulocytic leukaemia in the acute phase and malignant lymphoma, and ophthalmologically for the treatment of viral keratitis and epidemic conjunctivitis.

Uses and functions of Cytarabine Powder.

Cytarabine is one of the most effective drugs in the treatment of acute non-lymphoid myeloid leukaemia in China.

In 1961 it was found to have an inhibitory effect on mouse sarcoma S180 and leukaemia L1210. It is a pyrimidine antimetabolic antitumour agent with cell cycle specificity and is most sensitive to S-phase cells, interfering with cell proliferation by inhibiting the synthesis of cellular DNA.

The former strongly inhibits the synthesis of DNA polymerase, while the latter inhibits the conversion of cytidine diphosphate into deoxycytidine diphosphate, thereby inhibiting the synthesis and polymerization of cellular DNA. The inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis is very mild.

It is mainly used clinically for the treatment of acute lymphocytic and non-lymphocytic leukaemia in the induction and maintenance phases, chronic granulocytic leukaemia in the acute phase and malignant lymphoma, and ophthalmologically for the treatment of viral keratitis and rheumatoid conjunctivitis. It is also effective against head and neck cancer, digestive tract cancer and lung cancer; in addition, it can inhibit the reproduction of herpes simplex virus, smallpox virus, cowpox virus and the immune response of the body.

Pharmacological Effects of Cytarabine Powder.

• 1. Cytarabine is primarily indicated for the induction of remission and maintenance treatment of acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia in adults and children. It is also useful in the treatment of other types of leukaemia, such as acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and chronic myeloid leukaemia (acute phase).
• 2. It can be used alone or in combination with other antineoplastic agents; the combination is more effective. In the absence of maintenance therapy, the remission induced by cytarabine is short-lived. This product has been used experimentally in the treatment of other different tumours. In general, it is only effective in a small number of patients with solid tumours. Combination regimens containing cytarabine are effective in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in children. With or without other oncological chemotherapeutic agents, high doses of 2-3 g/m2 of cytarabine administered intravenously over 1-3 hours every 12 hours for 2-6 days are effective in high-risk leukaemia, refractory and relapsed acute leukaemia.
• 3. This product can be used intrathecally alone or in combination with other drugs (methotrexate, hydrocortisone sodium succinate) to prevent or treat meningeal leukaemia.

• 1. This product is an antimetabolic drug. Although the mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated, it appears that cytarabine acts by inhibiting DNA polymorphases. It has also been reported that small amounts of cytarabine can produce significant binding to DNA and RNA.
• 2. Preclinical safety data: The main dose-limiting toxicity of cytarabine observed in all tested animal species was myelosuppression, manifested by macrocytosis, reticulocytopenia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. Other target organs include the liver, kidney and brain. It has been reported to cause extensive chromosomal damage (including chromatin breakage) and malignancy in cultured rodent cells. In different species of animals, agranulocyte has been shown to be embryotoxic and teratogenic, and to produce perinatal and postnatal toxicity. No formal fertility studies have been reported, but sperm head malformations have been observed in mice treated with cytarabine.

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