Quinine Raw Materials Powder

Quinine Raw Materials Powder

CAS:130-95-0

MF:C20H24N2O2

MW:324.42

EINECS:205-003-2

Specification: 99% min Quinine Powder

Sample: Quinine Powder

Packaging:1kg/bag, 25kg/drum

Brand: Henrikang

Appearance: White Powder

Storage: Cool Dry Place

Shelf Life: 2 Years

Test Method: HPLC

Quinine Powder Usage and Synthesis.

Oral quinine is usually used to treat malaria with its sulphate, hydrochloride or dihydrochloride salts. Quinine ethyl carbonate, administered orally.

The course of treatment for falciparum malaria is 7d, 0.6g (quinine sulphate) every 8h for adults and 0.01g/kg for children, once/8h.

For multi-resistant falciparum malaria need to add tetracycline, 0.25g / times, 4 times / d, for 7 d. Severe cases of slow sedation, need to monitor cardiotoxicity, first give a loading dose, and then maintenance dose.

Intravenous administration of the first loading dose of 0.1g/kg (dihydrochloride of quinine), the administration time to be more than 30min, usually within 4h drip, the maintenance dose is 0.01g/kg, every 8h, drip time more than 4h. severe conditions, the first dose of 0.02g/kg (maximum up to 1.4g).

Uses and functions of Quinine.

Potassium channel blocker. Chiral catalyst for highly isomer-selective [2+2] cycloaddition reactions; diethylzinc added to aldehydes.

1. Not suitable for use with aminoglycoside antibiotics, furosemide, etanercept.

2. Often used in combination with primaquine or etanercept to achieve eradication and to enhance efficacy against drug-resistant strains.

Pharmacological Effects of Quinine.

Quinine is one of the oldest anti-malarial drugs, as early as the 15th century cinchona bark containing quinine has become widely used in the treatment of malaria as a potent drug, its anti-malarial effect is similar to chloroquine, by interfering with DNA synthesis.

It can inhibit the intra-erythrocytic phase of various malaria parasites and control the onset of malaria symptoms. It can also kill the gametocytes of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium triton to a certain extent. However, it has no effect on the outer erythrocyte stage.

Its main advantage is that it is not easy to produce drug resistance, probably quinine and malaria parasite DNA binding mode is different from chloroquine, so there is no cross-resistance, can be used for anti-chloroquine strains (especially Plasmodium falciparum) infection.

In addition, quinine has the effects of uterine excitation, myocardial inhibition and antipyretic and analgesic. In addition to medicinal use, in analytical chemistry it can be used as bismuth, platinum and other metal ions of the detection agent, can also be used for racemic organic acid precipitant. The product is absorbed orally quickly and completely, and the concentration in the blood can reach the peak in 1~3 hours. The binding rate to plasma proteins is about 70%. The concentration in cerebrospinal fluid is about 2% to 5% of that in plasma. Half-life is 7～8 hours. Can quickly cross the placenta, subcutaneous and intramuscular injection absorption is slow.

Mainly metabolised by the liver, 5% of the administered dose is excreted in the urine in its original form. Clinically, quinine is mainly used for patients with chloroquine-resistant plasmodium infections. It is also used for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum. The salts of quinine are used medically. The sulphate is for oral use and the hydrochloride is for injection. Until the 1920s, it was the better agent for treating malaria.

However, if not used properly, it can be toxic, causing headaches, ringing in the ears, diarrhoea, skin rashes, and impaired vision and hearing. It is only inhibitory to the original malaria worms, but no killing effect, patients are still prone to attacks after the disease is cured. For this reason, scientists are still looking for antimalarial drugs with higher efficacy, and now there are adiponectin, plasmodium quinoline, chloroquine and so on.

The Chinese plant Changshan can be extracted from a kind of Changshan alkali, its antimalarial effect is more than 100 times greater than quinine, but because of the toxicity and can not be taken directly, the structure of Changshan alkali is being studied in relation to the pharmacology, in order to find out the antimalarial drug with higher efficacy.

Usage of Bulk Quinine Powder.

1. Adult usual dosage

① For the treatment of falciparum malaria caused by chloroquine-resistant strains, use quinine sulphate, 1.8g per day, in divided doses, for a period of 14 days.

Severe cases (such as cerebral type) can be used quinine dihydrochloride, according to the body weight of 5-10mg/kg (maximum amount of 500mg), added to the sodium chloride injection 500ml intravenous drip, 4 hours drip finished, repeated after 12 hours, the condition improves after the change to oral.

② This product is no longer used as the first choice of inter-day malaria, if necessary, symptom control can be oral quinine bisulfate, the first day a 0.48g, the second day a 0.36g, 3 times a day, for 7 days.

2. For the treatment of falciparum malaria caused by chloroquine-resistant strains, quinine sulphate should be given 0.1-0.2g per day to those less than 1 year old in 2-3 doses, 0.2-0.3g to those 1-3 years old, 0.3-0.5g to those 4-6 years old, 0.5-1g to those 7-11 years old for the duration of 10 days of treatment.

The dose of quinine dihydrochloride injection for severely ill patients is the same as that for adults, 5-10mg/kg according to body weight (maximum 500mg).